|

Arkansas First-Time Home Buyer

Arkansas Mortgage Guides

Arkansas First-Time Home Buyer Programs 2026

StartSmart and Move-Up, the repayable assistance second mortgage that is often mistaken for a grant, and the county income limits that decide which program you qualify for.

📖 9 min readUpdated September 2026Arkansas
$500,000StartSmart purchase price limit
640Minimum credit score, both programs
$15,000Maximum ADFA assistance
30Targeted counties with no first-time rule

Arkansas StartSmart program

StartSmart is the Arkansas Development Finance Authority’s first-time buyer mortgage. It is funded with IRS tax-exempt mortgage revenue bonds, and ADFA passes that funding advantage through as a rate roughly 1% below market.

FeatureDetail
Loan typesFHA, VA, RD, or Freddie Mac Conventional (HFA Advantage)
Term30-year fixed rate with no prepayment penalty
Interest rateApproximately 1% below market rate, subject to change without notice
Minimum credit score640
Purchase price limit$500,000
OccupancyMust be your primary residence

StartSmart must be originated through an ADFA-approved lender. The rate advantage comes from the bond funding, so it is not something a lender can match outside the program.

Move-Up for repeat buyers

Move-Up exists for buyers who do not meet the first-time test. It pairs with the same down payment assistance, but it is priced differently — ADFA makes no below-market rate claim for it.

FeatureDetail
First-time buyer requiredNo
Qualifying income limit$142,000 statewide
Minimum credit score640
Maximum purchase priceThe Arkansas conventional conforming loan limit
Loan typesFHA, VA, Conventional and RD

Down payment and closing cost assistance

ADFA’s Down Payment Assistance is available with either first mortgage, and it is important to understand what it is before you budget around it.

AssistanceAmountRepayment
ADFA Down Payment Assistance$1,000 to $15,000Repayable second mortgage, 10-year amortization at the first mortgage rate

This is not a grant and it is not forgiven. ADFA’s own program guidelines title it a subordinate repayable mortgage loan, it amortizes over ten years, and it carries a 4% late payment fee. There is no prepayment penalty. Funds can cover down payment, closing costs, principal reduction and cash back for items paid outside closing, but they cannot be used for repairs or to pay off debt to qualify.

Program terms are published by the Arkansas Development Finance Authority.

Income and purchase price limits

Two limits decide eligibility, and the StartSmart income limit is the one that varies — it is set county by county and splits on household size.

LimitAmountNotes
Purchase price limit$500,000Stated on ADFA’s StartSmart income limit table, effective June 1, 2026
StartSmart income limit, 1–2 person$85,320–$128,280Varies by county; targeted counties are higher
StartSmart income limit, 3+ person$99,540–$149,660Varies by county; targeted counties are higher
Move-Up income limit$142,000Statewide; no first-time buyer requirement

The spread is wide because targeted counties are allowed higher limits than non-targeted ones. Most rural Arkansas counties sit at the bottom of the band, while Madison County carries the highest figures in the state. Your lender checks the applicable county and household size against ADFA’s current table before you write an offer.

Who counts as a first-time buyer

ADFA’s test is not whether you have never owned a home. It is whether you have owned your principal residence in the last three years.

TestRequirement
OwnershipMust not have owned your principal residence for three years prior to closing the loan
Targeted county exceptionBuying in one of 30 federally targeted counties waives the requirement entirely
Veteran exceptionVeterans and spouses of veterans with proper documentation are exempt
CreditMinimum score of 640
LenderMust use an ADFA-approved lender

The 30 targeted counties are Bradley, Calhoun, Chicot, Clark, Cleburne, Columbia, Conway, Crawford, Crittenden, Cross, Dallas, Desha, Drew, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lee, Lincoln, Madison, Mississippi, Monroe, Nevada, Ouachita, Perry, Phillips, Prairie, St. Francis, Scott, Searcy, White, Woodruff. Buying in any of them removes the first-time requirement, which makes StartSmart available to repeat buyers who would otherwise need Move-Up.

How to apply

StepWhat happens
1. Check the county limitsConfirm your household income against the StartSmart figure for the county you are buying in, and check whether that county is targeted
2. Choose the programStartSmart if you meet the first-time test or are buying in a targeted county; Move-Up otherwise
3. Find an approved lenderADFA programs are only available through participating lenders, not directly from the agency
4. Decide on assistanceAdd the down payment assistance second mortgage if you need it, understanding it is repaid over ten years
5. CloseYour lender funds the first and second mortgage together at closing

Arkansas first-time home buyer FAQs

Who counts as a first-time home buyer in Arkansas?
Anyone who has not owned their principal residence in the three years before closing. You do not need to have never owned a home. Buying in one of the 30 federally targeted counties waives the test altogether, and so does documented veteran status for a veteran or their spouse.
Is ADFA down payment assistance a grant?
No. It is a repayable second mortgage of $1,000 to $15,000, amortized over 10 years at the same rate as your first mortgage. ADFA’s guidelines title it a subordinate repayable mortgage loan. It carries a 4% late payment fee and no prepayment penalty, but no part of it is forgiven.
What are the income limits for StartSmart?
They vary by county and household size. For a one or two person household the range across Arkansas runs from $85,320 to $128,280, and for three or more people from $99,540 to $149,660. Targeted counties carry the higher figures. These are ADFA’s limits effective June 1, 2026.
Can repeat buyers use an ADFA mortgage?
Yes, through Move-Up, which has no first-time buyer requirement. Qualifying income cannot exceed $142,000, the minimum credit score is 640, and the purchase price is capped at the conforming loan limit. Repeat buyers purchasing in a targeted county can use StartSmart instead.